Calabria
Calabria is a region in Southern Italy, known for its rich history, stunning landscapes, and unique cultural heritage. Here is a detailed look into this fascinating region:
Geography
Located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula, Calabria is surrounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west, the Ionian Sea to the east, and it borders Basilicata to the north. The region encompasses approximately 15,081 square kilometers and is characterized by mountainous terrain, including the Pollino National Park, which features the highest peak in the region, Serra Dolcedorme.
History
The history of Calabria is as ancient as it is diverse. It was:
- Home to several ancient tribes like the Oenotrians and Iapygians.
- Colonized by Greek colonists in the 8th century BC, leading to the establishment of colonies like Locri and Sybaris.
- Part of the Roman Empire, where it was known for its fertility and strategic importance.
- Conquered by the Byzantine Empire, leaving a lasting cultural imprint, especially in its architecture and religion.
- Affected by various invasions, including the Normans, Arabs, and Spanish, each leaving their mark on the region's culture.
Culture
Calabria's cultural heritage is a vibrant mix of Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Norman influences:
- Language: While Italian is the official language, the Calabrian dialect is widely spoken, with strong influences from Greek, due to historical ties.
- Religion: The region has a significant Orthodox Christian community, a legacy of Byzantine rule.
- Food: Known for its Mediterranean diet, Calabrian cuisine features ingredients like olive oil, wine, and a variety of local herbs. Specialties include 'Nduja, a spicy, spreadable pork sausage.
Economy
The economy of Calabria has historically been agrarian, with:
- Agriculture: Olive oil production, viticulture, and citrus fruits.
- Tourism: Increasingly important, with attractions like the Tropea coastline, Sila National Park, and ancient Greek ruins.
- Industry: While less developed, there is some industrial activity in sectors like textiles, food processing, and chemical industries.
Notable Places
References
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