Daniel-François-Esprit Auber was a significant figure in the world of French opera during the 19th century. Born on January 29, 1782, in Caen, Normandy, France, Auber's early life was marked by a deep interest in music, which he pursued against his family's initial wishes. His father, a wealthy printer, envisioned a career for him in business or law, but Auber's passion for music eventually prevailed.
Auber's formal musical education began relatively late in his life. He studied composition with Luigi Cherubini in Paris and received support from other notable figures like François-Adrien Boieldieu. His first opera, "Julie," was produced in 1825 when he was already in his early forties, showcasing his talent for light, tuneful melodies and witty dialogue, which would become hallmarks of his style.
Auber's most celebrated work is arguably "La Muette de Portici" (1828), which is often credited with sparking the Belgian Revolution of 1830 due to its patriotic themes. This opera combined elements of Grand Opera with historical and political content, making it a landmark in French operatic history. Other notable operas include:
Auber's music is characterized by its elegance, melodic charm, and a keen sense of dramatic pacing. He was instrumental in the development of French Opéra-Comique, where spoken dialogue was interspersed with musical numbers. His works often featured a light touch, making them accessible to a broad audience, yet they were also sophisticated enough to appeal to the musical elite. Auber's operas were known for their ability to entertain without the need for heavy dramatic content, which made them commercially successful.
In his later years, Auber held several prestigious positions, including director of the Paris Conservatoire from 1842 to 1871. His influence extended beyond composition to teaching and administration, shaping the future of French music. He was honored with the Légion d'Honneur and was a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.
Auber passed away on May 12, 1871, in Paris, leaving behind a legacy that, while somewhat overshadowed by contemporaries like Giacomo Meyerbeer and Richard Wagner, remains influential in the world of opera. His works continue to be performed, especially in France, and his contributions to the development of French opera are recognized as pivotal.