Duke-of-Normandy

Duke of Normandy

The Duke of Normandy was the title of the ruler of the Duchy of Normandy, a region in northwestern France. Here are detailed aspects of the title:

Origin: The title emerged after the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte in 911, when Rollo, a Viking leader, was granted the territory by the King of France, Charles the Simple, in an attempt to prevent further Viking raids.
Early Dukes: The first Duke was Rollo, who established a dynasty that would rule Normandy for several centuries. His descendants included notable figures like William Longsword and Richard the Just.

William the Conqueror: Perhaps the most famous Duke, William, also known as William I of England, led the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, significantly altering the political landscape of both Normandy and England.
Henry I of England: After William's death, his son Robert Curthose became Duke, but Henry I, another son, took the duchy following Robert's imprisonment.
Richard I of England: Known as Richard the Lionheart, he was Duke of Normandy before becoming King of England. His rule was marked by his involvement in the Third Crusade.

The Duchy of Normandy was not only a significant power in France but also had considerable influence in England after the Norman Conquest.
The title was often held in conjunction with the King of England, leading to conflicts with the King of France over sovereignty and feudal obligations.

The title's prominence waned in the 13th century. The Treaty of Paris (1259) formally recognized the Plantagenet kings' control over Normandy, but the duchy was lost to the French crown during the Hundred Years' War in 1450.
The title was eventually absorbed into the Crown of France, and the last nominal Duke of Normandy was Louis XVI before the French Revolution.

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