Filitosa
Filitosa is an archaeological site located in the commune of Sollacaro on the French island of Corsica. It is renowned for its impressive collection of Menhirs or standing stones, which are significant for understanding the prehistory of the Mediterranean.
History
The site of Filitosa spans from the Neolithic period through to the Bronze Age, with evidence of human activity from around 3300 BC to 1500 BC. Here's a detailed timeline:
- Neolithic Period: Initial occupation with the construction of simple stone structures.
- Chalcolithic Period (3300-2600 BC): The site began to see more complex building techniques and the first monumental constructions.
- Bronze Age (around 1500 BC): This era is marked by the erection of menhirs, some of which were later carved with warrior figures and other motifs, providing insight into the culture of the time.
Archaeological Findings
The most striking feature of Filitosa is its array of menhirs:
- Menhirs: Over 16 menhirs have been discovered at the site, many of which are carved with human figures, weapons, and symbols. These are believed to represent warriors or perhaps leaders of the community.
- Settlement Structures: Excavations have revealed several types of structures, from simple huts to more elaborate buildings, indicating a complex social organization.
- Ceramics and Tools: A variety of pottery, tools, and other artifacts have been found, suggesting trade links with other Mediterranean cultures.
Significance
Filitosa provides invaluable insights into the Torrean Culture of Corsica, which was contemporaneous with the Nuragic Civilization in Sardinia. The site helps researchers understand:
- The transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age in the Mediterranean.
- Local traditions in burial practices, warfare, and social hierarchy.
- Interactions and possible conflicts with neighboring cultures.
Current Status
Today, Filitosa is open to the public, offering guided tours that explain the historical and cultural significance of the site. It is managed as both an archaeological park and a museum, preserving the site for future study and public education.
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