Humayun's Tomb
Humayun's Tomb is a magnificent example of Mughal Architecture located in Delhi, India. Constructed in the 16th century, it was commissioned by Hamida Banu Begum, the widow of the second Mughal Emperor Humayun, to serve as his mausoleum. The tomb, which began construction in 1562, was designed by the Persian architect Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, with contributions from his son, Sayyid Muhammad.
History and Construction
- Construction: The tomb was built over a period of nine years, from 1562 to 1571, during the reign of Akbar, Humayun's son.
- Architectural Influence: The design of Humayun's Tomb was influenced by Persian architecture, particularly the Gur-i-Amir mausoleum in Samarkand, which is the tomb of Timur. This influence is evident in the use of symmetry, balance, and the extensive use of red sandstone and white marble.
- Significance: It is considered the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent and set a precedent for later mausoleums like the Taj Mahal.
Architectural Features
- Design: The tomb is built on a high platform, surrounded by a Charbagh (a Persian-style garden divided into four equal parts by pathways and water channels).
- Structure: The central domed chamber is octagonal, with four smaller chambers at the corners. The entire complex is enclosed by high walls.
- Materials: The main building is constructed of red sandstone, with the use of white marble for decorative elements, inlays, and the dome.
- Ornamentation: The tomb features intricate carvings, geometric patterns, and calligraphy, showcasing the fusion of Persian and Indian artistic traditions.
Legacy and Influence
- World Heritage Site: Humayun's Tomb was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993 due to its outstanding universal value.
- Architectural Influence: Its design significantly influenced subsequent Mughal architecture, most notably the Taj Mahal.
Visiting Information
- Location: The tomb is located in Nizamuddin East, Delhi, making it accessible for visitors interested in Mughal history.
- Restoration: Extensive restoration work has been carried out over the years to preserve this monument, with significant efforts noted in the 20th century.
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