Jadeite
Jadeite is one of the two minerals commonly known as jade, the other being nephrite. It is a sodium-rich pyroxene with the chemical formula NaAlSi2O6. Here are some key points about jadeite:
- Composition and Structure: Jadeite is a member of the pyroxene group, characterized by its sodium and aluminum content. Its crystal system is monoclinic, and it often forms as compact, interlocking grains.
- Color and Varieties: While jadeite can come in various colors, the most prized color is emerald green, often referred to as Imperial Jade. Other colors include lavender, white, yellow, orange, black, and more. The color variation is due to impurities like iron or chromium.
- Hardness: Jadeite has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.0, which makes it durable enough for use in jewelry and carvings but not as hard as diamond or corundum.
- History:
- Jadeite has been used for thousands of years, with significant historical use in Mesoamerica, where it was valued by the Maya and Aztec civilizations for tools, ornaments, and religious artifacts.
- In East Asia, especially China, jadeite has been revered since ancient times, often symbolizing purity, moral integrity, and spiritual wisdom.
- Geographical Distribution:
- Cultural Significance:
- In China, jadeite is considered the "stone of heaven," embodying the five virtues of Confucianism: charity, modesty, courage, justice, and wisdom.
- In Mesoamerica, it was often used in religious ceremonies and as a symbol of power and status.
- Uses:
- Jewelry: Due to its color and durability, jadeite is commonly used in rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.
- Carvings and Sculptures: Jadeite is also carved into intricate sculptures, figures, and ornamental objects.
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