Khufu
Khufu, also known as Cheops, was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt's Old Kingdom period. His reign is traditionally dated around 2589–2566 BC, although the precise chronology of his rule remains a subject of debate among Egyptologists.
Reign and Accomplishments
During his reign, Khufu is best known for commissioning the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This monumental structure was built as his tomb and is the largest pyramid in Egypt, originally standing at 146.5 meters (481 feet) tall.
- Architectural Achievement: The Great Pyramid showcases the engineering prowess of Ancient Egypt. It is believed to have involved the labor of approximately 100,000 workers over a period of about 20 years.
- Pyramid Complex: Besides the pyramid itself, Khufu's complex included several smaller pyramids, a temple, and a causeway leading to the Nile.
Historical Significance
Despite the monumental scale of his architectural projects, Khufu is somewhat enigmatic, with few inscriptions or artifacts directly linked to his personal life. However, his reign is considered a high point of pyramid construction, representing the zenith of the pyramid-building phase of the Old Kingdom.
Legacy
- Herodotus's Account: The Greek historian Herodotus wrote about Khufu, portraying him as a harsh ruler who forced the Egyptian population into labor for the construction of his pyramid. However, this might be an exaggeration or a reflection of the Greeks' misunderstanding of Egyptian customs.
- Cultural Impact: Khufu's name has become synonymous with the grandeur and mystery of ancient Egyptian civilization. His pyramid remains one of the most visited tourist attractions in Egypt.
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