New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (North Island) and the South Island (South Island)—and numerous smaller islands, including Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and the subantarctic islands. Here are some key points about New Zealand:
Geography
History
- The first settlers were Polynesian navigators who arrived around 1250-1300 AD, eventually becoming the Māori.
- Abel Tasman was the first European to sight New Zealand in 1642, but it was Captain James Cook who charted the islands in 1769.
- New Zealand became a British colony in 1840 following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi between the British Crown and various Māori chiefs.
- It achieved dominion status in 1907 and adopted the Statute of Westminster in 1947, marking its transition to full independence.
Politics
- New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. Queen Elizabeth II is the monarch, represented by a Governor-General.
- The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the House of Representatives, which has been unicameral since 1951.
- The Prime Minister is the head of government, currently held by Jacinda Ardern.
Economy
- New Zealand has a modern, prosperous, and developed economy with a focus on agriculture, tourism, and international trade.
- The primary exports include dairy products, meat, wool, and wine. Dairy farming is particularly significant, with Fonterra being one of the world's largest dairy companies.
- Tourism is a major industry, boosted by the international appeal of its landscapes and the popularity of films like The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit, which were filmed there.
Culture
External Links
Related Topics