Panama
Panama is a country located on the Isthmus of Panama in Central America. It borders Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Here are some key points about Panama:
Geography
- Panama City, the capital, is located on the Pacific coast.
- The country covers approximately 75,517 square kilometers and has a diverse landscape that includes mountains, rainforests, and beaches.
- The Panama Canal, one of the most significant engineering feats in history, bisects the country, connecting the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.
History
- The region was inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years before European contact.
- Christopher Columbus first set foot on the isthmus in 1502 during his fourth voyage.
- Spain established the settlement of Panama Viejo in 1519, which was the first European settlement on the Pacific coast of the Americas.
- Panama was part of Gran Colombia after independence from Spain in 1821 until it separated in 1903, with the support of the United States, to establish the independent Republic of Panama.
- The construction of the Panama Canal, started by France in 1881 but completed by the U.S. in 1914, has been a defining factor in Panama's history and economy.
Politics and Government
- Panama operates under a presidential representative democratic republic.
- The President of Panama is both head of state and government.
- The Panama Canal Authority (ACP) manages the canal, which is a significant source of revenue for the country.
Economy
- The economy of Panama is service-based, with the Panama Canal being a major contributor to GDP.
- Panama uses the United States Dollar as its official currency since 1904.
- Financial services, tourism, and shipping are also significant sectors.
Culture
- Panamanian culture is a rich blend of indigenous, African, Spanish, and American influences.
- Festivals like the Carnival of Panama are widely celebrated.
- The country is known for its traditional music like Cumbia and Calipso, and traditional dishes like sancocho and ceviche.
Environment
- Panama has a high level of biodiversity due to its location as a land bridge between North and South America.
- Notable natural attractions include Coiba Island, Darien Gap, and numerous national parks.
Sources