Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community. It is considered the holiest month in Islam due to several key events:
The observance of Ramadan commemorates the revelation of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad, which occurred on one of the odd-numbered nights during the last ten days of Ramadan, known as Laylat al-Qadr or the Night of Power. The practice of fasting during Ramadan is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, making it a fundamental obligation for all adult Muslims who are not acutely or chronically ill, traveling, elderly, breastfeeding, pregnant, or menstruating.
The Islamic calendar is lunar, so Ramadan shifts approximately 11 days earlier each year in the Gregorian calendar. Its start is determined by the sighting of the new moon, which can lead to variations in the beginning and end dates across different countries.
During Ramadan, social life often revolves around religious activities:
At the conclusion of Ramadan, Muslims celebrate Eid al-Fitr, which marks the end of fasting. This festival includes special prayers, feasts, and the exchange of gifts. It's a time of joy and celebration after a month of spiritual discipline.