San Pietro Island, known locally as Isola di San Pietro, is one of the two principal islands of the Sulcis Archipelago in Sardinia, Italy. Here are some key details about the island:
Geography
- Located off the southwestern coast of Sardinia.
- Its surface area is approximately 51 square kilometers.
- The highest point of the island is Bricco della Madonna, reaching 211 meters above sea level.
- The island features a rocky coastline with several cliffs and sandy beaches.
History
- The island was first settled by the Phoenicians, followed by the Romans.
- In 1738, it was colonized by the Genoese from Tabarca Island near Tunisia, who were originally from Pegli, near Genoa. They named the island after their patron saint, Saint Peter.
- These settlers, known as Tabarkini, brought with them their language, Ligurian, and culture, which still influences the island today.
- During World War II, the island was a strategic point due to its position.
Culture and Economy
- The main town, Carloforte, was named after King Charles Emmanuel III of Savoy.
- Fishing is a significant economic activity, with tuna fishing being particularly famous. The Tonnara (tuna fishery) is a traditional method still practiced here.
- The island's isolation has helped preserve its unique cultural identity, including the use of the Tabarkino dialect, which is a variety of Ligurian.
- Tourism is also a growing sector, attracted by the island's natural beauty, historical sites, and the charm of Carloforte.
Nature and Environment
- The island has several natural attractions, including La Cala di Spiaggia Lunga, a beautiful beach, and Capo Sandalo, where there's a lighthouse and a small, protected population of Sardinian deer.
- The marine environment around the island is rich, with diverse marine life and underwater caves.
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