The Smithsonian Institution, often referred to simply as the Smithsonian, is a group of museums and research centers administered by the United States government. Here are key points about its history, mission, and operations:
History
- Foundation: The Smithsonian Institution was founded in 1846 with funds from James Smithson, a British scientist whose bequest to the United States led to the creation of this unique establishment. Smithson left his estate to the United States "to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an Establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men."
- Establishment: The first Secretary of the Smithsonian, Joseph Henry, was instrumental in setting up the scientific direction of the institution. The Smithsonian's first building, known as the Smithsonian Castle, was completed in 1855.
Mission and Activities
- Mission: The mission of the Smithsonian is to "the increase and diffusion of knowledge." This mission encompasses research, preservation of artifacts, and educational outreach.
- Museums and Research Centers: Today, the Smithsonian comprises 19 museums, 21 libraries, nine research centers, and a zoo. Notable among these are:
- Research: The Smithsonian conducts extensive research in various fields including astrophysics, biology, anthropology, and art conservation.
Notable Collections and Exhibits
- The Smithsonian houses over 155 million items in its collections, from art and artifacts to scientific specimens.
- Highlights include the Hope Diamond, the Star-Spangled Banner, the Wright Flyer, and the Apollo 11 Command Module.
Public Engagement
- The Smithsonian engages the public through various means including exhibits, educational programs, online resources, and traveling exhibitions.
- It also hosts events like the Folklife Festival and collaborates with educational institutions to promote learning.
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