Sweden
Sweden, officially known as the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark via the Oresund Bridge in the south. Here are some key details about Sweden:
Geography
- Land Area: Approximately 450,295 square kilometers, making it the fifth largest country in Europe in terms of area.
- Climate: Sweden has a mostly temperate climate despite its northern latitude, influenced by the Gulf Stream. Winters can be harsh in the north with substantial snowfall, while the south experiences milder conditions.
- Natural Features: The country features vast forests, numerous lakes, and long coastlines. Notable natural landmarks include Lapland in the north, known for its Arctic wilderness, and the Archipelago Sea with its thousands of islands.
History
- Viking Age: From the 8th to the 11th century, Sweden was part of the Viking Age, with significant trading, exploring, and raiding activities.
- Medieval Period: The Kalmar Union in 1397 united Sweden, Denmark, and Norway under one monarch, though Sweden eventually broke away in 1523.
- Empire: During the 17th century, Sweden became a European great power, expanding its territory through wars like the Thirty Years' War.
- Modern Era: After losing its status as a major power in the 18th century, Sweden transformed into a modern, industrialized nation. It has been neutral in international conflicts since the early 19th century.
Politics and Government
- Monarchy: Sweden has a constitutional monarchy with King Carl XVI Gustaf as the current monarch.
- Government: It operates as a parliamentary democracy with the Riksdag (Parliament) as the legislative body.
Economy
- Overview: Sweden has a mixed economy with a strong emphasis on innovation, sustainability, and social welfare. It's known for companies like Volvo, IKEA, and Ericsson.
- Welfare State: Sweden is renowned for its comprehensive welfare system, including universal healthcare and education.
Culture
References:
Related Topics: