Theodosius II, born on April 10, 401, and died on July 28, 450, was the Eastern Roman Emperor from 408 until his death. His reign is notable for several key developments in the history of the Byzantine Empire.
Early Life and Ascension
Reign
- Theodosian Code: One of his most enduring legacies, this was a compilation of laws from the Roman Empire. It was published in 438 and remained a foundational legal document for centuries.
- Building Projects: Under Theodosius II, Constantinople saw significant construction, including the building of the Theodosian Walls, which were crucial in defending the city from sieges.
- Religious Policies: He was known for his Christian orthodoxy, promoting the Council of Ephesus in 431, which condemned Nestorianism and affirmed the title of Theotokos for the Virgin Mary.
- Foreign Relations: His reign saw several treaties with the Huns, notably with Attila the Hun, through diplomatic marriages and tributes.
Death and Succession
- Theodosius II died from injuries sustained from a fall from his horse while hunting near Constantinople.
- He had no male heir, leading to his sister Pulcheria becoming Augusta and marrying Marcian, who then succeeded as emperor.
Legacy
- Theodosius II's reign is often described as one of peace and consolidation for the Eastern Roman Empire, despite external pressures from barbarian incursions.
- His codification of Roman law through the Theodosian Code had a lasting impact on legal systems in the Western tradition.
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